Patrol TrainerOEC study companion
All chapters
Environmental · Chapter 26 Not started

Heat-Related Emergencies

Heat cramps to heat stroke — yes, they happen on spring skiing days and summer operations.

Key points
  • The spectrum: heat cramps → heat exhaustion → heat stroke. The dividing line for heat stroke is altered mental status.
  • Heat exhaustion: heavy sweating, weakness, nausea, headache, normal-ish mentation. Move to shade/cool, remove layers, cool fluids if alert.
  • Heat stroke: hot skin (wet or dry) with confusion, combativeness, or unconsciousness — a true emergency; cool aggressively NOW and transport.
  • Aggressive cooling: ice packs to neck/armpits/groin, evaporative cooling, cold-water immersion where feasible per protocol.
  • Spring skiers in full winter kit exerting in sun are heat-illness candidates; so are hikers and bike-park guests in summer operations.
Knowledge check1 / 3

The key sign separating heat stroke from heat exhaustion is: